van Duinen, G.A.
Peatlands are considered as one of the most important natural ecosystems of the world, because of their characteristic biodiversity and highly valued ecosystem services. However, the degradation
of peatlands is ongoing due to cultivation, drainage, afforestation, peat extraction, increased atmospheric deposition of nitrogen and sulphur, and climate change. Restoration measures are carried out in raised bog remnants abandoned after peat extraction or forestry. These measures include rainwater retention, aiming at regenerating a self-sustaining bog ecosystem or maintaining viable populations of characteristic species.